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1 barely
adverb (scarcely or only just: We have barely enough food.) apenasbarely adv apenastr['beəlɪ]1 apenas2 (scantily) escasamentebarely ['bærli] adv: apenas, por pocoadv.• apenas adv.• solamente adv.• tasadamente adv.'berli, 'beəlia) ( hardly) apenasb) ( scantily)['bɛǝlɪ]ADV1) (=scarcely) apenashe looked around him with barely concealed horror — miró a su alrededor disimulando apenas su horror
I had barely closed the door when the phone rang — apenas había cerrado la puerta cuando sonó el teléfono
2) (=scantily)* * *['berli, 'beəli]a) ( hardly) apenasb) ( scantily) -
2 but
but [bʌt](a) (to express contrast) mais;∎ my husband smokes, but I don't mon mari fume, mais moi non;∎ my husband doesn't smoke, but I do mon mari ne fume pas, mais moi si;∎ I speak Spanish but not Italian je parle espagnol mais pas italien;∎ she came home tired but happy elle est rentrée fatiguée mais heureuse(b) (in exclamations) mais;∎ but you can't do that! mais tu ne peux pas faire ça!;∎ but that's absurd! mais c'est absurde!∎ sorry, but I think that's MY umbrella pardon, mais je crois que c'est mon parapluie;∎ excuse me, but there's a call for you excusez-moi, il y a un appel pour vous∎ nobody, but nobody, gets in without a ticket personne, absolument personne, n'entre sans ticket(e) (except, only) mais;∎ it tastes like a grapefruit, but sweeter ça a le goût d'un pamplemousse, mais en plus sucré;∎ I'll do it, but not right now je vais le faire, mais pas tout de suite∎ she never hears his name but she starts to weep elle ne peut entendre son nom sans verser des larmes;∎ barely a day goes by but he receives another invitation il ne se passe pas un jour sans qu'il reçoive une nouvelle invitation2 adverb∎ I can but try je ne peux qu'essayer;∎ literary had I but known! si j'avais su!;∎ formal his resignation cannot but confirm such suspicions sa démission ne fait que confirmer de tels soupçons;∎ literary they had but recently become acquainted ils ne se connaissaient que depuis peu (de temps);∎ literary this life is but transitory/but a dream cette vie n'est qu'éphémère/qu'un rêve∎ get them down here but fast! descends-les et vite!∎ the meal was expensive, it wasn't very nice but le repas nous a coûté cher mais n'était pas très bon□∎ she wouldn't see anyone but her lawyer elle ne voulait voir personne sauf ou à part son avocat;∎ who but a fool would believe his story? il n'y a qu'un imbécile pour croire son histoire;∎ nobody but me knew about it personne d'autre que moi n'était au courant;∎ anyone but me tout autre que moi;∎ anything but that tout plutôt que cela;∎ he's anything but a hero c'est loin d'être un héros;∎ where but in America could you find such a gadget? il n'y a qu'en Amérique qu'on trouve un tel gadget;∎ nothing but a miracle could have saved her seul un miracle aurait pu la sauver;∎ he does nothing but complain il n'arrête pas de se plaindre;∎ there is nothing for it but to obey il n'y a qu'à obéir;∎ he is anything but happy il n'est pas du tout heureux;∎ is she lazy? - anything but! est-ce qu'elle est paresseuse? - bien au contraire!∎ turn right at the next corner but one tournez à droite au deuxième carrefour;∎ I was the last but two to finish j'étais l'avant-avant-dernier à finir4 noun∎ you're coming and no buts or I don't want any buts! tu viens, et pas de mais!sans;∎ but for her courage, many more people would have drowned sans son courage, il y aurait eu beaucoup plus de noyés;∎ but for the rain I should have gone out s'il n'avait pas plu je serais sorti;∎ he wouldn't have left but for me (it was my fault for being there) il serait resté si je n'avais pas été là; (it was for my sake) il ne serait pas parti si ça n'avait pas été pour moi∎ formal we should have been on time, but that the train was delayed nous aurions été à l'heure si le train n'avait pas été retardé;∎ I do not doubt but that we shall succeed je ne doute pas de notre réussiteenfin;∎ but then, that's just the way it goes enfin, c'est comme ça -
3 hardly
adverbhardly anyone or anybody/anything — kaum jemand/etwas
hardly any wine/beds — kaum Wein/Betten
hardly ever — so gut wie nie
hardly at all — fast überhaupt nicht
* * *1) (almost no, none, never etc: Hardly any small businesses are successful nowadays; I hardly ever go out.) kaum2) (only just; almost not: My feet are so sore, I can hardly walk; I had hardly got on my bicycle when I got a puncture.) kaum3) (probably not: He's hardly likely to forgive you after what you said about him.) kaum* * *hard·ly[ˈhɑ:dli, AM ˈhɑ:rd-]adv inv1. (scarcely) kaumI can \hardly hear you ich kann dich fast nicht verstehenwe \hardly knew our neighbours wir kannten unsere Nachbarn nur wenighe \hardly speaks a word er sagt so gut wie nichts\hardly anything kaum etwas, fast nichts\hardly ever fast nie, so gut wie nieit's \hardly my fault! ich kann ja wohl kaum was dafür!* * *['hAːdlɪ]adv1) (= barely) kaumthe boy was hardly seventeen —
I could understand hardly a word — ich konnte kaum ein Wort or fast kein Wort verstehen
it's worth hardly anything — es ist fast nichts wert
you've hardly eaten anything — du hast (ja) kaum etwas gegessen
I hardly know any French — ich kann kaum Französisch or fast kein Französisch
there was hardly anywhere to go — man konnte fast nirgends hingehen
hardly a day goes by when we don't read about murder in the newspaper — es vergeht kaum ein Tag, an dem wir nicht von Mordfällen in der Zeitung lesen
I can still hardly believe it —
hardly had he uttered the words when he began laughing — er hatte die Worte kaum ausgesprochen, als er anfing zu lachen
2) (= certainly not) wohl kaumI will hardly need to remind you to be polite to your grandmother — ich muss euch wohl kaum daran erinnern, höflich zu eurer Großmutter zu sein
will she remember? – hardly! — wird sie daran denken? – bestimmt nicht!
* * *hardly adv1. kaum, fast nicht:hardly ever fast nie2. (wohl) kaum, schwerlich:3. (zeitlich) kaum:hardly had he entered the room ( oder he had hardly entered the room) when … kaum hatte er oder er hatte kaum das Zimmer betreten, als …4. mit Mühe, mühsam5. hart, streng* * *adverbhardly anyone or anybody/anything — kaum jemand/etwas
hardly any wine/beds — kaum Wein/Betten
* * *adv.hart adv.kaum adv.schwerlich adv. -
4 if
[ɪf] conj1) ( in case) wenn, falls;even \if... selbst [dann], wenn...;I'll buy the rights to that Beatles song even \if it costs me a fortune ich kaufe die Rechte an diesem Beatlessong und wenn es mich ein Vermögen kosten sollte;\if..., then... wenn..., dann...;\if A equals B and B equals C, then A equals C wenn A gleich B und B gleich C, dann ist A gleich C;please don't talk to me as \if I were an idiot rede bitte nicht mit mir, als ob ich ein Idiot wäre2) ( in exclamation)\if I had only known! hätte ich es nur gewusst!3) ( whether) ob4) ( although) wenn auch;that's a comfortable \if old-fashioned sofa das Sofa ist [zwar] altmodisch, dafür aber bequemPHRASES:turn the music down? it needs to be louder \if anything! die Musik leiser stellen? wenn schon gehört sie lauter gestellt!;barely/hardly/rarely... \if at all kaum..., wenn überhaupt;\if ever wenn [überhaupt] je[mals];\if we ever got along, it was during our courtship falls wir je miteinander ausgekommen sind, dann in der Verlobungszeit;little/few \if any wenn [überhaupt], dann wenig/wenige, wenig/wenige..., wenn überhaupt;the desert gets little \if any rain über der Wüste regnet es allenfalls wenig;... \if not......, wenn nicht [sogar]...;\if only to do sth;you should get a job, \if only to stop you from being bored at home du solltest dir eine Arbeit suchen, und sei es auch nur als Mittel gegen die Langeweile zu Hause;\if only for...;let's take a break, \if only for a minute machen wir eine Pause, und sei's auch nur für eine Minute n Wenn nt;there's a big \if hanging over the project über diesem Projekt steht noch ein großes FragezeichenPHRASES:
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